BiosSystem · BiosSystem · Sep 7, 2026 · Sep 7, 2026
diff --git a/Config/Languages/en-US/Chrome.json b/Config/Languages/en-US/Chrome.json
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+{
+  "Version": "1",
+  "Chrome": {
+    "About WinSwift": "About WinSwift",
+    "Version:": "Version:",
+    "Author:": "Author:",
+    "BiosSystem": "BiosSystem",
+    "Project:": "Project:",
+    "https://github.com/BiosSystem/WinSwift": "https://github.com/BiosSystem/WinSwift",
+    "WinSwift is a passion project that I maintain in my free time. If you've found this tool useful, please consider making a small donation to support its development. I really appreciate it!": "WinSwift is a passion project that I maintain in my free time. If you've found this tool useful, please consider making a small donation to support its development. I really appreciate it!",
+    "Support me on Ko-fi": "Support me on Ko-fi",
+    "Close": "Close",
+    "WinSwift Application Selection": "WinSwift Application Selection",
+    "Check apps that you wish to remove, uncheck apps that you wish to keep": "Check apps that you wish to remove, uncheck apps that you wish to keep",
+    "Check/Uncheck all": "Check/Uncheck all",
+    "Loading apps...": "Loading apps...",
+    "Only show installed apps": "Only show installed apps",
+    "Confirm": "Confirm",
+    "Cancel": "Cancel",
+    "Apply Changes": "Apply Changes",
+    "Applying Changes": "Applying Changes",
+    "Preparing...": "Preparing...",
+    "Step 0 of 0": "Step 0 of 0",
+    "Changes Applied": "Changes Applied",
+    "Please note that some changes will only take effect after a reboot. Thanks for using WinSwift!": "Please note that some changes will only take effect after a reboot. Thanks for using WinSwift!",
+    "A reboot is required for these changes to take effect:": "A reboot is required for these changes to take effect:",
+    "Support the creator": "Support the creator",
+    "View the selected changes here": "View the selected changes here",
+    "Select Settings to Import/Export": "Select Settings to Import/Export",
+    "OK": "OK",
+    "WinSwift": "WinSwift",
+    "Options": "Options",
+    "Import config": "Import config",
+    "Export config": "Export config",
+    "Restore backup": "Restore backup",
+    "Documentation": "Documentation",
+    "Report a bug": "Report a bug",
+    "Logs": "Logs",
+    "About": "About",
+    "Home": "Home",
+    "Welcome to WinSwift": "Welcome to WinSwift",
+    "Your clean Windows experience is just a few clicks away!": "Your clean Windows experience is just a few clicks away!",
+    "What user do you want to apply changes to?": "What user do you want to apply changes to?",
+    "Current User": "Current User",
+    "Other User": "Other User",
+    "Windows Default User (Sysprep)": "Windows Default User (Sysprep)",
+    "Enter username": "Enter username",
+    "Default Mode": "Default Mode",
+    "Quickly select the recommended settings": "Quickly select the recommended settings",
+    "Custom Setup": "Custom Setup",
+    "Manually select your preferred settings": "Manually select your preferred settings",
+    "App Removal": "App Removal",
+    "Select which apps you want to remove": "Select which apps you want to remove",
+    "Quick Select": "Quick Select",
+    "Clear all selected apps": "Clear all selected apps",
+    "Clear Selection": "Clear Selection",
+    "Default apps": "Default apps",
+    "Select the apps that are safe to remove for most users": "Select the apps that are safe to remove for most users",
+    "Previously selected apps": "Previously selected apps",
+    "Select the apps that were removed the last time WinSwift was run": "Select the apps that were removed the last time WinSwift was run",
+    "Only show applications that are currently installed on this system": "Only show applications that are currently installed on this system",
+    "Search apps...": "Search apps...",
+    "Name": "Name",
+    "Description": "Description",
+    "App ID": "App ID",
+    "Legend:": "Legend:",
+    "[Recommended] Safe to remove for most users": "[Recommended] Safe to remove for most users",
+    "Recommended": "Recommended",
+    "[Optional] Can be safely removed if you don't need this app": "[Optional] Can be safely removed if you don't need this app",
+    "Optional": "Optional",
+    "[Not Recommended] Only remove if you know what you are doing": "[Not Recommended] Only remove if you know what you are doing",
+    "Not Recommended": "Not Recommended",
+    "Tweaks": "Tweaks",
+    "System Tweaks": "System Tweaks",
+    "Select what changes you want to make, you can hover over settings for more information": "Select what changes you want to make, you can hover over settings for more information",
+    "Clear all selected tweaks": "Clear all selected tweaks",
+    "Default settings": "Default settings",
+    "Select the settings that are recommended for most people": "Select the settings that are recommended for most people",
+    "Previously selected settings": "Previously selected settings",
+    "Select the settings that were applied the last time WinSwift was run": "Select the settings that were applied the last time WinSwift was run",
+    "Privacy & suggested content": "Privacy & suggested content",
+    "Select all tweaks related to privacy & suggested content": "Select all tweaks related to privacy & suggested content",
+    "AI features": "AI features",
+    "Select all AI related tweaks": "Select all AI related tweaks",
+    "Detect applied tweaks": "Detect applied tweaks",
+    "Detect all tweaks currently applied for the current user": "Detect all tweaks currently applied for the current user",
+    "Search tweaks...": "Search tweaks...",
+    "Deployment Settings": "Deployment Settings",
+    "Configure how the selected changes will be applied to your system": "Configure how the selected changes will be applied to your system",
+    "Changes will be applied to": "Changes will be applied to",
+    "The currently logged-in user profile.": "The currently logged-in user profile.",
+    "Apps will be removed for": "Apps will be removed for",
+    "All users": "All users",
+    "Current user only": "Current user only",
+    "Target user only": "Target user only",
+    "Apps will be removed for all users and from the Windows image to prevent reinstallation for new users.": "Apps will be removed for all users and from the Windows image to prevent reinstallation for new users.",
+    "Create a system restore point (Recommended)": "Create a system restore point (Recommended)",
+    "Restart the Windows Explorer process to apply all changes immediately": "Restart the Windows Explorer process to apply all changes immediately",
+    "Review selected changes": "Review selected changes",
+    "Back": "Back",
+    "Next": "Next",
+    "MessageBox": "MessageBox",
+    "Message": "Message",
+    "Message content goes here": "Message content goes here",
+    "SelectType": "SelectType",
+    "Choose what changes you want to restore.": "Choose what changes you want to restore.",
+    "Restore Registry Backup": "Restore Registry Backup",
+    "Restore system registry configuration from a backup": "Restore system registry configuration from a backup",
+    "Restore Start Menu Backup": "Restore Start Menu Backup",
+    "Restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout from a backup": "Restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout from a backup",
+    "Registry": "Registry",
+    "This will restore any system registry changes made by WinSwift to the previous state. You can review the changes after selecting a backup file. Removed applications will need to be reinstalled manually.": "This will restore any system registry changes made by WinSwift to the previous state. You can review the changes after selecting a backup file. Removed applications will need to be reinstalled manually.",
+    "Warning: Only use backup files generated by WinSwift.": "Warning: Only use backup files generated by WinSwift.",
+    "File:": "File:",
+    "Not selected": "Not selected",
+    "Created:": "Created:",
+    "N/A": "N/A",
+    "Target:": "Target:",
+    "The following changes will be reverted:": "The following changes will be reverted:",
+    "This will restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout for the current user.": "This will restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout for the current user.",
+    "The following changes will be re-applied:": "The following changes will be re-applied:",
+    "The following changes won't be reverted:": "The following changes won't be reverted:",
+    "Visit the wiki for more information": "Visit the wiki for more information",
+    "StartMenu": "StartMenu",
+    "This will restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout for the selected user(s) using a backup that is automatically created by WinSwift. Manually created backups can also be used.": "This will restore the Start Menu pinned apps layout for the selected user(s) using a backup that is automatically created by WinSwift. Manually created backups can also be used.",
+    "Automatically find Start Menu backup": "Automatically find Start Menu backup"
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Scripts/FileIO/LoadLanguageFile.ps1 b/Scripts/FileIO/LoadLanguageFile.ps1
@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ function Import-LanguageContent {
     $folderPath = Join-Path $LanguagesPath $LanguageFolder
     $features = LoadJsonFile -filePath (Join-Path $folderPath 'Features.json') -optionalFile
     $categories = LoadJsonFile -filePath (Join-Path $folderPath 'Categories.json') -optionalFile
+    # Optional: a language may translate features without covering the GUI.
+    $chrome = LoadJsonFile -filePath (Join-Path $folderPath 'Chrome.json') -optionalFile
 
     if (-not $features -or -not $categories) {
         return $null
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@ function Import-LanguageContent {
         LanguageCode = $LanguageFolder
         Features = $features.Features
         Categories = $categories.Categories
+        Chrome = if ($chrome) { $chrome.Chrome } else { $null }
         Fallback = $null
     }
 }
@@ -205,6 +208,77 @@ function Update-FeatureTextFromLanguage {
     return $replaced
 }
 
+<#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+    Reads a XAML schema and returns it with its literal text translated.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+    Substitution happens on the markup before it is parsed, rather than by
+    walking the loaded window. A logical tree does not contain text that lives
+    inside a Style or a template, so a tree walk reaches only part of the
+    markup: MainWindow alone carries 113 literal strings but exposes 99 as
+    logical tree nodes.
+
+    Chrome entries are keyed by their English text, so reordering markup cannot
+    break them and an untranslated string resolves to itself. Values are read
+    XML-decoded and written back XML-encoded, so a translation containing an
+    ampersand or an angle bracket cannot corrupt the markup.
+
+    Only Content, Text, Header, ToolTip and Title are considered, and a value
+    that opens with a brace is left alone because it is a binding or a resource
+    reference rather than text.
+
+    .PARAMETER Path
+    The schema file to read.
+
+    .OUTPUTS
+    System.String. The markup, translated where a translation exists.
+#>
+function Get-LocalizedXaml {
+    param(
+        [Parameter(Mandatory)]
+        [string]$Path
+    )
+
+    $markup = Get-Content -LiteralPath $Path -Raw
+
+    $chrome = $null
+    foreach ($catalogue in @($script:Language, $script:Language.Fallback)) {
+        if ($catalogue -and $catalogue.Chrome) { $chrome = $catalogue.Chrome; break }
+    }
+
+    if (-not $chrome) {
+        return $markup
+    }
+
+    $evaluator = {
+        param($match)
+
+        $attribute = $match.Groups['attr'].Value
+        $raw = $match.Groups['value'].Value
+
+        # Bindings and resource references are not text.
+        if ($raw -match '^\s*\{') { return $match.Value }
+
+        $decoded = [System.Net.WebUtility]::HtmlDecode($raw)
+        $entry = $chrome.PSObject.Properties[$decoded]
+        if (-not $entry) { return $match.Value }
+
+        $translated = [string]$entry.Value
+        if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($translated) -or $translated -eq $decoded) {
+            return $match.Value
+        }
+
+        # Encode before it goes back into markup, and escape the double quote
+        # that would otherwise close the attribute.
+        $encoded = [System.Security.SecurityElement]::Escape($translated)
+        return ('{0}="{1}"' -f $attribute, $encoded)
+    }
+
+    $pattern = '(?<attr>\b(?:Content|Text|Header|ToolTip|Title))="(?<value>[^"]*)"'
+    return [regex]::Replace($markup, $pattern, $evaluator)
+}
+
 <#
     .SYNOPSIS
     Returns the localized display name for a feature category.

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/SetWindowThemeResources.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/SetWindowThemeResources.ps1
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ function SetWindowThemeResources {
 
     # Load and merge shared styles
     if ($script:SharedStylesSchema -and (Test-Path $script:SharedStylesSchema)) {
-        $sharedXaml = Get-Content -Path $script:SharedStylesSchema -Raw
+        $sharedXaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:SharedStylesSchema
         $sharedReader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($sharedXaml))
         try {
             $sharedDict = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($sharedReader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-AboutDialog.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-AboutDialog.ps1
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function Show-AboutDialog {
     }
 
     # Load XAML from file
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:AboutWindowSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:AboutWindowSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $aboutWindow = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-AppSelectionWindow.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-AppSelectionWindow.ps1
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ function Show-AppSelectionWindow {
     }
 
     # Load XAML from file
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:AppSelectionSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:AppSelectionSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $window = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-ApplyModal.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-ApplyModal.ps1
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ function Show-ApplyModal {
     }
 
     # Load XAML from file
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:ApplyChangesWindowSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:ApplyChangesWindowSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $applyWindow = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-Bubble.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-Bubble.ps1
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ function Show-Bubble {
 
     Hide-Bubble -Immediate
 
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:BubbleHintSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:BubbleHintSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $bubblePanel = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-ConfigWindow.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-ConfigWindow.ps1
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ function Show-ImportExportConfigWindow {
         return $null
     }
 
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $schemaPath -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $schemaPath
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $dlg = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-MainWindow.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-MainWindow.ps1
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ function Show-MainWindow {
     $usesDarkMode = GetSystemUsesDarkMode
 
     # ---- Load XAML ----
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:MainWindowSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:MainWindowSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $window = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-MessageBox.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-MessageBox.ps1
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ function Show-MessageBox {
     }
 
     # Load XAML from file
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $script:MessageBoxSchema -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:MessageBoxSchema
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {
         $msgWindow = [System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($reader)

diff --git a/Scripts/GUI/Show-RestoreBackupDialog.ps1 b/Scripts/GUI/Show-RestoreBackupDialog.ps1
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function Show-RestoreBackupDialog {
         throw 'Restore backup window schema file could not be found.'
     }
 
-    $xaml = Get-Content -Path $schemaPath -Raw
+    $xaml = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $schemaPath
 
     $reader = [System.Xml.XmlReader]::Create([System.IO.StringReader]::new($xaml))
     try {

diff --git a/Tests/Unit/Test-Localization.ps1 b/Tests/Unit/Test-Localization.ps1
@@ -143,6 +143,61 @@ Describe 'WinSwift localization' {
         }
     }
 
+    Context 'XAML chrome substitution' {
+
+        BeforeEach {
+            $script:Language = [PSCustomObject]@{
+                LanguageCode = 'xx-XX'
+                Chrome = [PSCustomObject]@{
+                    'Apply changes' = 'Aplicar cambios'
+                    'Risky & <bad>' = 'Peligro & <malo>'
+                }
+                Features = $null
+                Categories = $null
+                Fallback = $null
+            }
+            $script:sample = Join-Path $TestDrive 'sample.xaml'
+        }
+
+        It 'substitutes a translated attribute' {
+            '<Window><Button Content="Apply changes" /></Window>' |
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:sample -Encoding utf8
+
+            Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:sample | Should -Match 'Content="Aplicar cambios"'
+        }
+
+        It 'leaves untranslated text alone' {
+            '<Window><Button Content="Not in catalogue" /></Window>' |
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:sample -Encoding utf8
+
+            Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:sample | Should -Match 'Content="Not in catalogue"'
+        }
+
+        It 'does not touch bindings' {
+            '<Window><Button Content="{Binding Apply}" /></Window>' |
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:sample -Encoding utf8
+
+            Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:sample | Should -BeLike '*{Binding Apply}*'
+        }
+
+        It 'XML-encodes a translation containing markup characters' {
+            '<Window><Button Content="Risky &amp; &lt;bad&gt;" /></Window>' |
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:sample -Encoding utf8
+
+            $result = Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:sample
+            $result | Should -BeLike '*Peligro &amp; &lt;malo&gt;*'
+            $result | Should -Not -BeLike '*Peligro & <malo>*'
+        }
+
+        It 'returns the markup unchanged when no catalogue is loaded' {
+            $script:Language = $null
+            '<Window><Button Content="Apply changes" /></Window>' |
+                Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:sample -Encoding utf8
+
+            Get-LocalizedXaml -Path $script:sample | Should -BeLike '*Content="Apply changes"*'
+        }
+    }
+
     Context 'the shipped en-US catalogue' {
         It 'covers every feature in Features.json' {
             $catalogue = LoadJsonFile -filePath (Join-Path $script:realLanguagesPath 'en-US\Features.json')
@@ -187,5 +242,32 @@ Describe 'WinSwift localization' {
 
             $missing | Should -BeNullOrEmpty -Because "categories absent from the en-US catalogue: $($missing -join ', ')"
         }
+
+        It 'covers every translatable string in the schemas' {
+            # Guards against a new XAML string being added without a catalogue
+            # entry. Glyph character references and bindings are not text.
+            $catalogue = LoadJsonFile -filePath (Join-Path $script:realLanguagesPath 'en-US\Chrome.json')
+            $schemasPath = Join-Path (Split-Path (Split-Path $script:realLanguagesPath -Parent) -Parent) 'Schemas'
+
+            $missing = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
+            foreach ($schema in Get-ChildItem $schemasPath -Filter *.xaml) {
+                $markup = Get-Content -LiteralPath $schema.FullName -Raw
+                foreach ($match in [regex]::Matches($markup, '(?:Content|Text|Header|ToolTip|Title)="([^"]*)"')) {
+                    $raw = $match.Groups[1].Value
+                    if ($raw.Length -lt 2) { continue }
+                    if ($raw -match '^\s*\{') { continue }
+                    if ($raw -match '^(&#x?[0-9A-Fa-f]+;\s*)+$') { continue }
+
+                    $decoded = [System.Net.WebUtility]::HtmlDecode($raw)
+                    if ($decoded -match '^[\W\d_]+$') { continue }
+
+                    if (-not $catalogue.Chrome.PSObject.Properties[$decoded]) {
+                        $missing.Add("$($schema.Name): $decoded")
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            $missing | Should -BeNullOrEmpty -Because "schema strings absent from Chrome.json: $($missing -join '; ')"
+        }
     }
 }