fix(util): align parseArgs option parsing

[andrewtdiz]

Closes #3015
Closes #3017
Closes #3018
Closes #3019
Closes #3021

Summary

• Extends node:util.parseArgs() descriptor handling for multiple arrays and default values, including default type validation.
• Parses omitted config.args from process.argv.slice(2) and preserves non-string argv values for positionals/tokens while rejecting non-string option values.
• Expands grouped short options and preserves unknown long/short options when strict: false.
• Adds a small parity-runner // parity-argv: fixture hook so default-argv behavior can be tested against Node and Perry with the same CLI arguments.

Why Batched

These issues share the same runtime parser state machine and result-shaping code. Fixing them together avoids layering incompatible partial parseArgs behavior across multiple PRs.

Tests Added

• test-parity/node-suite/util/parse-args/multiple-defaults.ts
• test-parity/node-suite/util/parse-args/default-validation.ts
• test-parity/node-suite/util/parse-args/short-groups-and-unknown.ts
• test-parity/node-suite/util/parse-args/default-args-and-non-string.ts

Verification

• PATH=/home/github-runner/actions-runner/externals/node24/bin:$PATH ./run_parity_tests.sh --suite node-suite --module util/parse-args -> 9 pass, 0 fail, 0 compile fail.
• PATH=/home/github-runner/actions-runner/externals/node24/bin:$PATH ./run_parity_tests.sh --suite node-suite --module util -> 77 pass, 1 existing mismatch (node-suite/util/get-system-error), 0 compile fail.
• RUSTC_WRAPPER= cargo check -p perry-runtime -p perry-codegen -p perry-hir -p perry-api-manifest -p perry -> passed with existing repository warnings.
• cargo fmt --all -- --check -> passed.
• git diff --check && git diff --cached --check -> passed.
• ./scripts/check_file_size.sh -> passed.
• jq empty test-parity/known_failures.json -> passed.

Known Limitations

• This PR does not address the existing util parity mismatch in node-suite/util/get-system-error.
• The new parity argv hook intentionally supports simple whitespace-separated test arguments; it is only used for deterministic fixture CLI args here.

Non-Goals

• No unrelated node:util APIs.
• No broad CLI parser rewrite beyond the parseArgs behaviors covered by the linked issues.